Biological patents and biopiracy.

Until several hundred years ago, ownership and protection has but been granted to objects of a physical or concrete nature, such(prenominal) as a piece of land or a building. However, people began to feel the need to protect and receive credit for their originations and other products of their intellectual capacity. This desire is the driving force for the solid ground of intellectual property rights. Traditionally, intellectual property rights defend the creations of the veranda such as literary or artistic works, designs and symbols (WIPO). In the past 20 years, a nonher item has been selected to be defend under intellectual property rights: genes and other biological materials. The to the highest degree prominent type of intellectual property utilize in protection of biological material is patents. In assemble to be eligible for a patent, the invention must satisfy the common chord criteria of novelty, utility program and non-obviousness (WIPO). The requi rement of novelty means that the invention has not been available to the public, through printed publications or commercial sales, or has not applied for a old patent (Patent Basics). Anything that indicates the previous humankind of the invention, or anything similar to it, is termed prior art (Patent Basics). The set of utility indicates that the invention must have a usage (WIPO).

The nett prerequisite of non-obviousness specifies that a person with ordinary accomplishment in the art would not be likely to machinate the kindred invention, even populateing all there was to know in the prior art. (Patent Basic). Modern inherit able engineering practices and query requir! es large amounts of genetic material and organisms, especially in the athletic field of agricultural development. Corporations and other private entities began to scout for new organisms and genetic material to bewilder down their practices and as well as profits. The term biodiversity prospecting, or bioprospecting, is used to describe this activity. According... If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: BestEssayCheap.com

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