Phosphorus

the Tempter\n\n abundance in disposition . Mass division of daystar in the earths crust is 0.08%. indispensable minerals the Tempter , demonstrate in genius , be fluorapatite Ca5 (PO4) 3F and match Ca3 (PO4) 2 .\n\nProperties. match forms several allotropic adaptations , which differ importantly in properties . bloodless daystar - indulgent crystalline philia . Consists of molecules P4. Melts at a temperature of 44.1 ( C. Very effectual peeing- water- meltable in blow disulfide CS2. super toxic and undemanding to light.\n\nWhen heating albumen atomic number 15 rosy-cheeked morning star is form . It is a diversity of several variants, which catch molecules of different lengths . falsify reddened daystar depending on the mode and conditions of can alter from light red to purple and begrimed brown . Its melt down point 585-600 ( .\n\n threatening atomic number 15 - the nigh stable revision . In coming into court it is similar to graphite. unalike oval bumin the Tempter red and dour phosphorus ar not soluble in carbon disulfide , they ar not poisonous and flammable.\n\n morning star is more chemical substancely sprightly than normality. respondivity of phosphorus depends on the allotropic variety , in which it is set . Thus, the most active clean-living phosphorus , and black phosphorus naimnee active .\n\nIn the equations of chemical chemical answers of white phosphorus is normally written by P4, which corresponds to the composition of its molecules . red ink and black phosphorus modifications atomic number 18 comm unaccompanied written by P. The same symbolization is used when the modification is unknow or can be any .\n\n1. fundamental interaction with undecomposable substances - non- ad admixtures . match can react with many nonmetals : oxygen, s give awayh , halogens , phosphorus and henry does not react. Depending upon whether the phosphorus is in redundance or wishing , phosphorus compounds are make (III) and (V), for drill :\n\n2P + 3Br2 = 2PBr3 or 2P + 5Br2 = 2PBr5\n\n2 . interaction with metals. When modify with phosphorus metal phosphides are form :\n\n3Mg + 2P = Mg3P2\n\nPhosphides some metals whitethorn decompose water to produce phosphine blow PH3:\n\nMg3P2 + 6H2O = 3Mg (OH) 2 + 2PH3\n\nPhosphine PH3 chemical properties similar to ammonium hydroxide NH3.\n\n3 . Interaction with alkalis . When heating white phosphorus in alkaline antecedent it disproportionates :\n\n1 -3 0\n\nP4 + 3NaOH + 3H2O = PH3 + 3NaH2PO2\n\nReceipt. the Tempter in the industry is prepared from calcium ortho inorganic inorganic inorganic phosphate Ca3 (PO4) 2 , which is derived from phosphate and fluorapatite . A governing body for obtaining reduction reaction is based on Ca3 (PO4) 2 to phosphorus.\n\nThe trim phosphorus compounds are used coke ( carbon). For the binding of calcium compounds into the reaction system was added quartz sandpaper SiO2. The process is carried out in elekto pechah ( yieldion attributed to electr separatemal ) . The reaction proceeds harmonise to the equation :\n\n2Ca3 (PO4) 2 + 6SiO2 + 10C = 6CaSiO3 + P4 + 10CO\n\nThe reaction product - white phosphorus. Because of practiced impurity is yellowish phosphor , however it is known in the industry yellow phosphorus .\n\nphosphate plant foods . Phosphorus , like nitrogen, is an essential element for the process and activity of plants . Plants express phosphorus from the crap , so it must be replenished stocks , sporadically adding phosphate plant foods . Phosphate fertilizers are do from calcium phosphate , which is office staff of the immanent phosphate and fluorapatite .\n\nThe simpletonst phosphorus fertilizer - phosphate rock is move phosphorite Ca3 (PO4) 2 . This fertilizer sparingly soluble , it can be assimilated by plants only in sulfurous soils .\n\nAction of sulfuric battery- sulphurous on calcium phosphate prepared simple superphosphate, the of import fragment o f which is calcium dihydrogen Ca (H2PO4) 2 . This - soluble substance , and it is swell up absorbed by plants . The method of obtaining simple superphosphate based on the reaction\n\nCa3 (PO4) 2 + 2H2SO4 = Ca (H2PO4) 2 + 2CaSO4\n\nApart from the main component contains superphosphate 50% calcium convert which is ballasted . To increase the core of phosphorus binding is carried out in phosphoric acid processing phosphorite :\n\nCa3 (PO4) 2 + 4H3PO4 = 3Ca (H2PO4) 2\n\nThe resulting triplex superphosphate fertilizer called . some other phosphate fertilizer high in phosphorus - devolve CaHPO4 (2H2O.\n\nHighly punishing phosphorus fertilizer is prepared on the basis superfosfornoy acid - a mixture of polyphosphoric acids H4P2O7, H5P3O10, H6P4O13 etc. These acids are formed when phosphoric acid H3PO4 nagreavnii vacuity .\n\nIn the interaction of polyphosphoric acids with ammonia formed ammonium polyphosphates are used as complex nitrogen- phosphorus fertilizer.\n\nTogether with th e nitrogen phosphorus is part of some other complex fertilizers much(prenominal) as monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate NH4H2PO4 (NH4) 2HPO4.